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Tunis
Populism: Theoretical Confusion, Contexts of proliferation and Comparative Experiences
Although most researchers unanimously agreed on the modernity of populism, this should in no way discourage us from further examining the implications of this phenomenon and its origins in ancient history. The search for the historical roots of populism, that some relate to early times, is only an attempt to establish its origin. However, the subsequent transformations of populism in meaning and practice have made it difficult to discern its limits. Apparently, this critical approach seems to be inaccessible due to many considerations, including the transformations of populism in terms of concept and practice to the point of almost losing its first forms. According to this approach, it is more likely that real beginnings of populism coincided with the emergence of modern democracy showing signs of deficiency.
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Tunis
Civil society and democratic transformation - comparative experiences
Expériences comparées
Les changements politiques que connaissent plusieurs pays, surtout arabes, et les périodes de transition politique, font apparaitre la fin du monopole du champ politique par l'État. Les organisations de la société civile s'accaparent de plus en plus de pouvoir de par leurs capacités mobilisatrices. On assiste à l'émergence de nouveaux acteurs civils qui exercent des missions et des rôles autant divers qu'inhabituels, ce qui peut être considéré comme une dépossession des rôles traditionnels de l'État. En fait, la société civile contribue à la rotation des élites, assure une fonction socio-éducative et contribue fortement à consolider le processus démocratique nouvellement initié. Il s'agit de comparer les différentes expériences, d'expliciter les étendues mais aussi d'un autre côté de réfléchir sur le concept de société civile, de clarifier ses contours, de comprendre les polémiques qu'il suscite.
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Ethnic or national minorities. Between renewal and permanence
Belgéo Review
The coordinaters of this issue of he Belgéo review plan to reflect about the "ethnic or national minorities", two polysemous concepts here perceived in a way opened to interpretation even if they are inscribed in P. Poutignat and J. Streiff-Fénart’s definition, when they state that these groups “only exist thanks to the subjective belief their members share that they constitute a community.” The minority group is dialectically linked to the existence of a majority. It can be said “ethnic” because of racial parameters but above all because of the presence of linguistic, religious, cultural or other discriminating and specific markers. The will to be different expresses itself in various ways – instutional or not – and leads to very diverse situations, located between resistance and cooperation, forced integration and autonomy. The way to name places, individuals, but also their status – granted or claimed for – their visibility in the social and political space, are elements characterizing the notion of “otherness”.
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Lisbon
Conference, symposium - Sociology
Action publique et problèmes sociaux dans les villes intermédiaires
A Ação Pública resulta da interseção e, cada vez mais, da interdependência entre as ações que decorrem das responsabilidades respetivas das Políticas Públicas, através dos diferentes elos que a concretizam e da Sociedade Civil, através das iniciativas que a consubstanciam, entre movimentos sociais e iniciativas locais e as organizações e dispositivos que lhes dão consistência. A Ação Pública manifesta-se na construção e gestão dos problemas públicos ou sociais. O próprio processo de construção e os modos de gestão dos problemas sociais são analisadores potentes das relações de poder que existem entre os atores e das dinâmicas sociais no interior dos coletivos analisados.
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